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A History of Stink

The surprising story of body odor through time

Louie Psihoyos 

Ewww! 
These scientists are sniffing armpits to test how well deodorant works. Worst job ever?

    In the summer of 1912, a heat wave came to New Jersey. The women and men at the Atlantic City expo were miserable. They had traveled great distances to see the amazing new products on display at this event. But their heavy suits and dresses were soaked with sweat.

    They smelled bad. Really bad

    Yet there was one person who was happy about the heat: Edna Murphey. For this Ohio teen, body odor smelled like success

    For the previous two years, she had been trying to sell a product that she called Odorono (as in Odor? Oh no!). It was invented by Murphey’s father, a surgeon. He used it to keep his hands from getting sweaty while operating

    Murphey had quickly realized that the stuff could be used in wetter, smellier placeslike armpits. Had she found a way to stop sweating and body odor for good?

Funky Folks

Everett Historical/Shutterstock.com 

Louis Pasteur

    You may shower daily to stay clean and fresh. But humans haven’t always had the best hygiene. In fact, Europeans wanted nothing to do with bathing during the Middle Ages. At the time, it was believed that water opened up pores in the skin and allowed diseases to enter. Keeping a layer of sweat on your skin was thought to protect you from getting sick.

    In the early days of the United States, Americans were stinky too. Then things started to change in the 1860s. A French scientist named Louis Pasteur discovered that many illnesses are caused by germs. Washing with soap became an important way to keep these germs away. 

    As America continued to grow, these new ideas about hygiene shaped the way cities were built. All new buildings had running water. Nearly every home had a bathtub. Staying clean came to be seen as very American.

    And then came Edna Murphey and her new product, Odorono.

Sweat Stopper

smspsy/Shutterstock.com

Hey, What’s that smell? 
We can’t say for sure, but the founders of our country probably stank! Most early Americans bathed only a few times a year.

    At first, people thought Odorono seemed unhealthy. Its ingredients ate through clothing and caused skin rashes

    But that summer in Atlantic City was just too hot. By the end of the expo, Edna had thousands of customers. And 40 years later, wearing deodorant had become a normal part of grooming, like brushing your teeth.

    It makes you think: What anti-stink invention will we come up with next? A way to make our gas smell like flowers

    That would definitely make Edna Murphey very proud

ACTIVITY
How did Americans
get less stinky?

Write a paragraph to answer this questionGet started by using facts from the article to finish the sentences below. (Remember to indent the first sentence!) 

Topic Sentence: In the early days of the United States, people  ___                  

The main idea of your paragraph: How did early Americans smell, and why?

Detail 1Things began to change in the 1860s, when ___
What did a scientist discover in the 1860s?

Detail 2People began washing with soap, and more and more homes ___
What became common in people’s homes?

Detail 3By 1912, the hot, sweaty people at the Atlantic City expo were ready to try ___
What product sold well at the expo?

Conclusion: Forty years later, ___
What became a regular part of life?

Leveled Articles (2)
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Time Machine

Higher Level: A History of Stink

Read or print a 900L-1000L version of this article in magazine view.

PDF

Time Machine

Lower Level: A History of Stink

Read or print a 600L-700L version of this article in magazine view.

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