Digital image of a scary-looking Loch Ness monster jumping out of the water

Illustrations by Gary Hanna

CCSS

R.1, R.2, R.3, R.4, R.5, R.7, W.3, SL.1, L.4, L.6

The Beast of Loch Ness

Is there a monster living in Scotland’s largest lake?  

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    It was a cool afternoon in April 1933. Aldie and John Mackay were driving along the shores of Scotland’s largest lake, Loch Ness. The day was bright. Even the lake’s murky water sparkled in the sunshine

    Then Aldie saw something she would never forget. The water rippled. A giant creature seemed to rise out of the loch

    Aldie grabbed her husband’s arm. “Stop!” she screamed. “The beast!” 

    John stopped the car. For several minutes, the couple stared at the lake. The creature seemed to roll and jump in the water. Finally, it disappeared.

    News spread about what the Mackays had seen. Some people rolled their eyes and laughed. But others were fascinated. There had always been something mysterious about Loch Ness. For hundreds of years, people had whispered about a strange creature living there. 

    Over the next few years, others claimed to have seen the scary beast too. 

    One man said it had a large black body.

    A woman reported seeing two shiny humps on its back.

    A businessman stated that it was at least 20 feet long.

    But . . . what was it?

World map highlighting the location of the Loch Ness monster in Scotland

Jim McMahon/Mapman ®

Where in the World: Scotland
At about 23 miles long and 788 feet deep, Loch Ness is Scotland’s largest lake. It’s in the Scottish Highlands. That’s a region with high mountains and stunning scenery.

Mysterious Creatures

Digital image showing a ship being taken down by the Kraken

Esteban De Armas/Shutterstock.com

    You’ve probably heard stories about mysterious creatures before. In some of these tales, men battle fire-breathing dragons. In others, campers run from hairy beasts deep in the woods. Most of these monsters are clearly made-up. But some have turned out to be real.

    For hundreds of years, sailors returned home with stories of a giant beast. It had a large, round head and huge, strong tentacles. They called it the kraken. Hundreds of people said they had seen it. Still, most people didn’t believe them

    Then, in 1873, a fisherman and his son saw one in the water near Canada. They were able to cut off a 19-foot piece of tentacle. Finally, there was proof! Experts gave the kraken a new name: the giant squid

    Some people have spent their lives trying to prove that mythical creatures are real. These people call themselves cryptozoologists [krip-tuh-zoh-AH-luh-jists]. To many people, cryptozoology seems like a joke

    But scientists do believe we are still learning about Earth’s many creatures. Hundreds of new animal species are discovered each year

    Couldn’t one of these animals be lurking in Loch Ness?

Photo of a giant squid in the water

KOJI SASAHARA/AP Images

Another Monster Mystery 
For hundreds of years, sailors told stories of a huge beast called the kraken. It turned out to be the giant squid!

Finding the Proof

    Cryptozoologists have come up with several ideas about what the beast of Loch Ness could be. Some say it is an unknown water mammal. Others say it is a huge fish

    Some even believe it is an ancient creature called the plesiosaur. These large, long-necked reptiles lived alongside the dinosaurs. Plesiosaurs died out 65 million years ago. But perhaps a few survived. Maybe one of their relatives is living in Loch Ness.

    Most scientists don’t think these ideas make sense. They say that the loch’s water is too cold and dark for most plants to grow. How would such a creature survive? What would it eat?

    And one creature could not live for hundreds of years on its own. So where is this strange animal’s family? How does it breed? Is it really possible that there are several giant animals living in the lochand almost no one has seen them?

Black & white photo of a person holding diagram of the Loch Ness monster

Bettmann/Getty Images

Looking for Answers 
Scientist Tim Dinsdale searched Loch Ness 57 times from 1960 to 1987. In 1960, his team filmed “a long oval shape” in the water. He made the model next to him to show the type of animal he thinks he might have seen.

Searching for Answers

    Scientist Tim Dinsdale was very interested in these questions. He explored Loch Ness 57 times from 1960 to 1987

    In 1960, Dinsdale and his team saw along oval shapein the water. They filmed the shape for 60 seconds

    Dinsdale gave the film to experts to study. They said the object wasprobably aliveand that it was 12 to 16 feet long. Cryptozoologists cheered. But skeptics were not impressed with the blurry film that showed a large blob in the water.

    American Robert Rines was another respected Loch Ness researcher. He used equipment called sonar to get an image. The image seemed to show the head and body of a large underwater creature. Still, it was too blurry to provide clear proof

    Then in 2003, British scientists studied the loch from top to bottom. The team found no sign of a giant creature. “We have covered everything in this loch,” said scientist Ian Florence. “We saw no signs of any large living animal.”

Photo of a boat secured at its dock

PA Images/Alamy Stock Photo

Exploring the Loch
Over the years, scientists have searched the lake using everything from submarines to robots.

No One Knows

Image of an eel

Shutterstock.com

One Possibility . . .
Could the Loch Ness Monster just be a giant eel? In 2019, scientists studied plants and animals in Loch Ness. They found eels in almost every part of the lake.

    It’s been more than 90 years since the Mackays took their drive by the lake. More than 1,000 people say they’ve seen some kind of creature in the loch since then. Some of them surely made it up. But could all of these sightings be fake?

    Even skeptics admit it’s likely the Mackays saw something in the water that day. Perhaps a log was caught in the waves. Maybe a giant eel bobbed above the surface

    No one knows for sure. To find out, you might have to go to Loch Ness yourself. Each year, the mystery brings thousands of visitors to the lake. They buy T-shirts, take boat tours, and keep their eyes on the water.

    Many of them still believe a major discovery awaits

Two blurry images from 1934 and 2014 possibly of the Loch Ness monster

Popperfoto/Getty Images

PROOF?

 

1934

For years, this photo from 1934 was used to argue that a creature lives in Loch Ness. But it wasn’t real. (The “creature” was made from a toy submarine.)

 

2014
More recently, the blurry photo above was shared all over social media. Experts believe it’s actually a boat moving through the water.

ACTIVITY
Finding Text Evidence

Photo showing Nessie Land and a fake Loch Ness monster

Benedikt von Imhoff/picture-alliance/dpa/AP Images

Visitors Welcome
The legend of the Loch Ness Monster—or “Nessie” for short—brings thousands of people to the lake each year. They can take boat tours and visit Nessieland, a theme park for kids.

You’ve just readThe Beast of Loch Ness.” Now it’s time to try this activity.

Tip: Text evidence means details in a story that support an answer or show that it is true.

What to do: Use text evidenceor details from the articleto answer the questions below. We did the first one for you.

number one

Before 1933, what did people whisper about Loch Ness?

HINT: Look for the answer in the opening section.

AnswerFor hundreds of years, people whispered about a strange creature living in the lake.

number two

How many times did Tim Dinsdale search Loch Ness

HINT: Look for the answer in the sectionSearching for Answers.”

number three

Since 1933, how many people have said they’ve seen a creature in Loch Ness

HINT: Look for the answer in the sectionNo One Knows.”

number four

Each year, how many people visit Loch Ness hoping to see the creature?

HINT: Look for the answer in the sectionNo One Knows.”

Think About It! Based on your answers, what do many people think about the Loch Ness Monster?

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Nonfiction Feature

Action Explains: Cryptids

Dive into the legends of fantastical creatures living all around us.

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Nonfiction Feature

Higher Level: The Beast of Loch Ness

Read or print a 800L-900L version of this article in magazine view.

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Nonfiction Feature

Lower Level: The Beast of Loch Ness

Read or print a 500L-600L version of this article in magazine view.

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